Fingerprint, chemical

The unique combination of analytical results from a number of techniques that identifies a particular compound in a sample. The primary technology used today is known as HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography), a form of column chromatography that pumps a sample mixture, or analyte, in a solvent (known as the mobile phase) at high pressure through a column to analyze the makeup of the material, producing a “fingerprint.” A certified “standard” is used as the reference so that unique chemical constituents can be identified, including all active constituents and even adulterants. This is a very highly accurate method of analysis and is the gold standard. For example, if sugar were added to a berry extract, an HPLC analysis would show the adulterant. If a fake product is tested by this method, no manipulation can cover up the fake.